The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

The Great Gatsby Essay In the novel, The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby represents the American Dream of the 1920’s comprised of social values, wealth and excess in hope to make his own dream a reality. Social Values: 1. â€Å"I hope shell be a fool—thats the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool† (17) Explanation: The social environment in existence within the novel does not value the intelligence of women. By wishing her daughter to be unintelligent Daisy is asserting that the social constructs in evidence at the time entail that her daughter would be happier if she was simple; she will not be bored and frustrated in her existence in the same way Daisy herself is. 2. â€Å"in a moment she looked at me with an absolute smirk on her lovely face as if she had asserted her membership in a rather distinguished secret society to which she and Tom belonged† (18) Explanation: Although Tom and Daisy are considered wealthy members of the aristocracy their actions reveal an underlying egotism that reveals the shallow nature of society. Tom and daisy have a disregard for people who are from a lower class and they believe that money makes them superior. 3. â€Å"Mrs. Wilson changed her costume sometime before and was now attired in an elaborate afternoon dress of cream colored chiffon which gave out a continual rustle as she swept about the room† (35) Explanation: By referring to Myrtle as Mrs Wilson, Fitzgerald is emphasizing the fact that she is married and is therefore acting in a manner that is inappropriate. The fact that her dress is cream further reinforces her lack of purity. Her willingness to engage in an affair that is morally wrong is representative of the values of the society of the twenties. 4. â€Å"Everyone suspects himself of at least one of the Cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known (64) Explanation: Here Nick is revealing a great deal about the society of the twenties. During this period a great deal of money was being circulated and, alongside it, dishonesty and corruption. His comment reveals the degree of dishonesty in evidence within society at this time. Wealth: 1. â€Å"a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and ash-gray men swarm up with leaden spades and stir up an impenetrable cloud. (23) Explanation: This quote describes the life of people who have failed to acquire wealth. Their existence and surroundings are represented by the color grey. They live in poverty and serve as an image of failure. 2. â€Å"A pair of stage ‘twins’- who turned out to be the girls in yellow- did a baby act in costume and champagne was served in bigger than finger bowls† (36) Explanation: The color yellow is of significance here and is a color that is used to emphasize the moral corruption the twins represent. The use of costume within the act is illustrative of the facade people use. As with the costume, the material items they possess entail that the characters in the novel are false and define themselves by material wealth as opposed to being true to their characters. 3. â€Å"They were careless people, tom and daisy they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the mess they had made† (170) Explanation: This quote portrays the impact that wealth has had on Daisy and Tom. They have no regard for anything or anyone else. When they encounter problems they simply throw money at them, they believe that their material possessions make them immune to difficulties, which are something that people who are not as significant as them can deal with. They are consumed by their superficial possessions. 4. It was a photo of the house, cracked in the corners and dirty with many hands He had shown it so often that I think it was more real to him now than the house itself (180). Explanation: This quote represents the relationship Gatsby has with his father. Even his own family value him for his wealth and not for who he truly is. His father takes a picture of a house to the grave with him. This shows what he values; material possessions. Excess: 1. â€Å"the one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard—it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. it was Gatsbys mansion (9) Explanation: This description of Gatsby’s mansion reveals further conspicuous consumption. He has spent copious amounts of money on acquiring a status symbol that he hopes can attract the attention of Daisy. Whilst he has enough money to be able to spend excessively he do so in a futile manner; such material things can never make him truly happy. This can be perceived to be a criticism of the falseness of the American Dream. 2. â€Å"His family were enormously wealthy – even in college his freedom with money was a matter of reproach – but now he’d left Chicago and come east in a fashion that rather took your breath away: for instance he’d brought down a string of polo ponies from Lake Forest. It was hard to realize that a man in my own generation was wealthy enough to do that. † (10) Explanation: Nick was explaining the wealth of Tom Buchanan’s family stemming back from his college days. At that young age he had the unusual luxury of money and then showcased his wealth by bringing a fleet of polo ponies along with him when he relocated. The quote shows how people would spend all their money just for amusement, because they could not because they needed anything. 3. â€Å"The living room was crowded to the doors with a set of tapestried furniture entirely too large for it, so that to move about was to stumble continually over scenes of ladies swinging in the garden of Versailles. † (35) Explanation: Mrytle is obsessed with projecting an image of that of a wealthy individual. Her apartment shows that whilst she has money and possessions, she is lacking in class and is unable to grasp what is appropriate for her apartment. 4. â€Å"composed of oddly familiar pieces of ivory. Finest specimens of human molars, he informed me (77) Explanation: Here Wolfsheim is describing his cufflinks. This again shows how someone has made a purchase simply to make a point. In this case his elaborate cufflinks represent the combination of gentry with barbarinism. His conspicuous consumption is aimed at proving his status to those around him.

Advantages Of Online Shopping Marketing Essay

Advantages Of Online Shopping Marketing Essay I, Nishant Chand Katoch, would like to express my sincere gratitude to Ms.Deepika Varshney, who always gave valuable suggestions and guidance for completion of my assignment. This assignment has been a success only because of their help and guidance. At last I would like to express my expressions for all those people around me who directly or indirectly associated with this assignment. NISHANT CHAND KATOCH Certificate Of Authenticity This is to certify that Mr.Nishant Chand Katoch, bearing Enrollment Number : 11715903911,student of MBA 3rd semester of Rukmini Devi Institute Of Advanced Studies, has worked under my supervision on the assignment and completed the same to my total satisfaction. I wish him all success in his career. Question Q2. Try a service you have never tried before on internet. Analyze the benefits of this service. Was enough information provided to make the service easy to use? How would you compare this service to other methods of obtaining the same benefits? ONLINE SHOPPING Online shopping is the process of buying goods and services from merchants who sell on the Internet. Since the emergence of the World Wide Web, merchants have sought to sell their products to people who surf the Internet. Shoppers can visit web stores from the comfort of their homes and shop as they sit in front of the computer. Consumers buy a variety of items from online stores. In fact, people can purchase just about anything from companies that provide their products online. Books, clothing, household appliances, toys, hardware, software, and health insurance are just some of the hundreds of products consumers can buy from an online store. Many people choose to conduct shopping online because of the convenience. For example, when a person shops at a brick-and-mortar store, she has to drive to the store, find a parking place, and walk throughout the store until she locates the products she needs. After finding the items she wants to purchase, she may often need to stand in long lines at the cash register. In contrast, online shopping helps consumers avoid these disadvantages. With online shopping, a person logs onto the Internet, visits the stores website, and chooses the items she desires. The items are held in a virtual shopping cart until she is ready to make her purchase. The shopper can remain in her pajamas as she does her shopping, and the process can be conducted in the wee hours of the morning or late into the night. Online stores never close theyre open 24 hours a day. Despite the convenience of online shopping, not everyone chooses to purchase items and services online. Some people like the idea of physically going to a store and experiencing the shopping process. They like to touch the merchandise, try on clothing, and be around other people. Online shopping doesnt permit shoppers to touch products or have any social interaction. It also doesnt allow them to take the merchandise home the same day they buy it. Other people may worry about shopping online because they fear their credit card information will be compromised. Since its necessary to provide credit card information when purchasing products online, people worry they may become the victims of identity theft. This discourages some consumers from participating in online shopping. Another reason some consumers avoid shopping online is the fact that they worry that the products they purchase are not accurately portrayed in the websites picture. They worry that the picture of the item may appear one way, but the actual item may look completely different perhaps of lesser quality. Its also impossible to try on apparel when conducting online shopping. A consumer has to rely on body measurements in order to make sure the clothing will fit properly. If the clothing arrives in the mail and its too small, the consumer has to return the item. This is a potential inconvenience that some shoppers may not wish to face. Advantages of Online Shopping Incredible convenience: In comparison to a brick and mortar store with fixed hours, online shoppers can choose any time of the day or night to get on the Web and shop. This is especially useful for moms with small children, people that are home-bound, or simply in times of inclement weather. Price comparisons: When you visit a store, you most likely have to settle for whatever price the vendor has placed on a particular item. Not so with online shopping you have the ability to compare prices from hundreds of different vendors (see The Top Nine Comparison Shopping Sites). Infinite choice: Shelf space in a brick and mortar store is limited, which means that your variety of goods is limited. Not so with an online store. Plus, if you dont see what you want in one store online, you can simply move on to the next one youve got the power to do that. Easy access to consumer reviews: Its easy to access consumer reviews for pretty much any product you can think of online, which makes for more informed purchases. No pressure sales: Weve all been awkwardly propositioned by eager salespeople. You dont have to put up with that online. These are just some of the advantages of online shopping. Are there disadvantages? Lets look at a few that might deter some customers from buying goods online: You cant try things on. If youre buying a clothing item, you dont have the ability to feel the material, try it on, and see how its made. Unless you know your measurements and are familiar with the brand of clothing offered, this could end up being a bad experience. You cant talk to someone immediately. If you have a question about what youre looking at, you probably will have to wait at least 24 hours to get a question answered (however, many sites have instant chat enabled that take care of this issue). Privacy and security: Privacy and security are legitimate concerns for any online shopper, but there are precautions you can take to make sure your transaction is a safe one. For example, paying attention to HTTPS protocols, installing free spyware removal tools, knowing how to identify online scams and hoaxes, surfing anonymously, and keeping your Web usage private are all smart ways to address any privacy and security issues. Limitations of online shopping 1. YOU DO NOT PHYSICALLY SEEN THE ITEMS: Normally when we shop from a regular store, we can see the item and at least visually inspect that it looks fine. You can select a co lour, size and can even speak to a sales person to clarify doubts regarding an item. I feel the biggest disadvantage of online shopping is we do not physically see the item till it arrives. May be you have seen it in the nearby mall but there is a possibility that the particular piece you have ordered may be defective. Misinterpretation or misunderstanding of items bought online is a common problem. Usually the photo of items you see online are much better than once you have the item in front of you. 2. WAIT FOR THE ITEMS TO ARRIVE: Once you place you order the waiting game starts. You have to wait for a few days for the item to arrive which can be quite frustrating. Most experts believe that we are most excited about your buy in the first few days, so by the time your item arrives you will most likely be less excited then getting the item on same day you made the payment. 3. CHANCES OF MISHANDLING WHILE SHIPPING / DELIVERY RISKS: What if the item you are expecting never arrives, you will be lost in a series of phone calls to the seller and the courier company. What if you are not at home during the time of delivery and the courier company leaves the package on your door and a passerby decides to steal it? What if the shipping company broke your stuff and you realize it after opening it when the courier man has already gone away. The seller might claim that you broke it. 4. SHIPPING CHARGES: Only a few sites offer free shipping, some others will ship for free only if your total purchase price exceeds a certain amount. Shipping fee is often a big discouragement for online shoppers. 5. RETURNING MERCHANDISE: Even if the seller agrees to take back the defective merchandise, you often have to pay the cost of shipping it back. Additionally you have to call and convince the people regarding the reason of your return. Some good sites do have excellent return policy, but not everyone. Comparison between online shopping and offline shopping Offline shopping is becoming rather polar. Customers either want service, or they really *dont* want service. Its not that customers are unclear about whether they want to purchase, its that they are absolutely clear about why they are shopping. They either have a purchase in their minds, or they are shopping predominantly as a form of therapy, and simply wish to interact with the goods. Customers have reached a position where if shopping is entirely experience oriented and not goal oriented, then they find sales assistants a *disincentive* to enter a store. As they grow in sophistication, customers respect for, and tolerance of sales assistants is actually reducing. So essentially the changes I see are a marked separation of goal oriented shoppers and experience oriented shoppers. Shoppers who have a specific purchasing goal in mind are time conscious and want service immediately, and at the lowest possible price. Shoppers who are experience-oriented find sales assistants irritating and officious. And I think the internet and online shopping is actually contributing to this polarisation process.

Wide Area Networks, Observer Management and Monitoring Tools

Wide Area Networks, Observer Management and Monitoring Tools Abstract In this report the concepts of different network management principles will be explored with a view to demonstrating how Observer manages wide area networks. The report will explore the issues with WAN and how Observer overcomes these problems. Introduction Wide area networks are becoming far more complex and far wider spread than ever before, this of course leads to some big problems for the network managers of these large scale networks. Most of these networks are huge in size and can easily encompass an entire city, whereas most of them are transcontinental. This poses the first of many problems for a network manager, they may not be in the same continent as a large proportion of their network. This makes the use of network management software essential, such as Observer. Using network management software means the network manager would not have to leave their desk to find any fault in the network whether it was in the next room or half way across the globe. Literary Review The most useful literary text the author found was from the new owners of Observer, the software used in this report. The new owners ViaviSolutions have published a white paper on using   Observer Analyser, their latest version of the observer suite as a security tool. (anon, 2014) The journal by Liu et al. (2014) provided a lot of insight into where wide area networks are going, and their optimisation. It contains interesting formulae for network optimisation using the Gauss-Newton method of nonlinear least squares. This principally agrees with the first text in this review about the nature and make up of a wide area network. Ahmed Boutaba, (2014) goes on to agree in part with the rest of the journals about the nature of a WAN but goes on to discuss the fact that traditional controllers can cause bottle necks in the network and that opting for SDN (Software Defined Network) allows for a faster network and a higher level of quality overall. Ahmedi Mitrevski, (2014) looks at possibly the only real area of disagreement with regards to WANs and that is how much they cost. The relative cost of implementing and the monthly upkeep of a network seems to be the only area where professionals disagree about these networks. Anon (2008). This seminar outlined the principles of network management that are considered as industry standard. Cahn, (1998). This journal looks at the design of WANs and their benefits, and this also agrees with the principles outlined in the previous articles mentioned, including the ambiguous nature of the costing of a network. It outlines there are only three important numbers when considering a WAN, these are the cost, either monthly up keep, total set up cost or a mixture of both, the reliability and the response times, and goes on to say these are all directly proportional to each other, as in if you reduce the amount of money spent the response time goes up which brings the reliability down. Dian Septama et al., (2015). In this journal there is lots of information regarding providing a high quality of service, one of the main areas a network manager faces the biggest struggles and can cause the biggest issues aside from security. Feng et al.,( 2014) this journal explores the real world application of a WAN and covers the issues in using traditional methods against new technologies which are opting for more automation and utilising programs and algorithms to manage the trivial day-to-day running of a network which frees up the human element to focus their time on more important tasks. Geer,( 2013)this journal focuses more on the security and current state of the internet, but in essence the internet is just a very large WAN and so its management and security are relevant here (Langer et al., 2010) this journal uses the example of a healthcare organisation utilising the fast and secure delivery methods of a WAN to transport confidential patient files and details across the WAN to remote geographical locations, the main example used is radiology images. These are now digital images and are large in size due to the resolutions required to accurately use them for medical diagnosis. Malhotra et al., (2011) this journal replicates closely the experiment that was carried out by the author of this report, the main differences are this journal experiments with a LAN and uses OPNET to generate the usage. Shin et al., (2007) this journal agrees with Ahmed Boutaba, (2014) and Feng et al.,( 2014) in so much as they state that a network should be monitored and managed by an algorithm based on the existing SNMP framework. Tiropanis et al., (2015)this journal explores the development of networks and their respective sciences and how these have evolved, specifically into internet science and web science. And how each of these areas are evolving in their own areas and how each of them has an impact on the others. Travostino et al., (2006) this journal outlines another real world application of WANs for the distribution of virtual machines and how they can be utilised to compute large tasks aver the network instead of only using local resources. Wang et al., (2014) this journal documents an experiment into the future of how security of a WAN could be implemented. It outlays an idea of sending the authentication key across the network securely but not via mathematical encoding to deter eavesdroppers but by quantum physics. The system uses high frequency lasers beamed down fibre optic cables which are encoded by the transmitter and then decoded by a receiver, the encryption is encoded into the specific frequency of the lasers architecture and photon length. Each transmitter and receiver contain sophisticated monitoring circuitry which monitor the incoming traffic and actively scan for Trojan horse photons from the channel. Observer and wide area networks For the purposes of this report the author created a simulated WAN to utilise the software Observer to implement network management. The network simulated three terminals situated in three cities around the world. The console was simulated as being in London, one was in Paris and the other was in New York Fig 1: Showing Simulated Geographical Location of Console (Circled) Fig 2: Showing Simulated Geographical Location of Second PC (Circled) Fig 3: Showing Simulated Geographical Location of Third PC (Circled) Once the author had set up the WAN they opened Observer on each of the machines connected to the virtual WAN. The machine simulated as London was selected as the machine to be the console for the purpose of managing the network and so was configured to collate the data generated by the network. The other two machines utilised the inbuilt traffic generation tool in Observer. Although the software produces traffic this is of a CBR style and so the data received is evidently simulated but for the purpose of this report this is acceptable. The traffic generator in Observer comes with a plethora of options. The default option sends a small group of packets through on a broadcast channel (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) the author altered this setting to generate the top talkers and pair matrix graphs as on a broadcast channel all the traffic appeared to be generating and received by the switchs MAC address which wasnt the case. The size of the packet and the transmission length were also altered to gi ve a larger test sample. The author also tried to generate random traffic which is one of the options but this seemed to have no effect on the traffic generated as it was constant bit rate style simulation traffic. Fig 4: observer running on first PC (Simulated location Paris) Fig 5: Observer running on third PC (simulated location New York) Fig 6: Traffic Generation on second PC (Paris) Fig 7: Traffic Generation on third PC (New York) On the console PC observer was running several of its functonal windows, first of which was the top talkers windows. This window is utilised to identify the staations on the network with the highest traffic volumes. This is particularly usefull from a management perspective as to monitor the personality of the network in order to maintain smooth operation, and identify potential security threats. (Anon, 2016) the top talkers screen provides a huge amount of information about the different stations attached to the network, including the amount of traffic generated and received by the node in both packets and bytes, its MAC address, its IP address . From this screen the network manager can monitor all the nodes on the network and diagnose issues as they happen. If a node suddenly starts generating large amounts of traffic for no apparent reason the network manager can have observer set up an alert and even have it send a SMS message or email reporting the issue. This ensures the networ k manager can stay on top of all aspects of the network regardless of time or location. If any issues arise the network manager can deploy a resource from the technical team to resolve the problem swiftly so as not to impact upon the quality of service. Fig 8: Observer Top Talkers window with Paris PC selected Fig 9: Observer Top Talkers window with New York PC selected Looking at the top talkers window identifies that the two Traffic generating PCs were indeed the ones with the heaviest traffic flow, followed by the swiches and hub that connected them all together. A network manager looking at this screen can monitor all machines connected to the network regardless of geographical location, even wireless connections are shown and can be monitored. (Liu et al., 2014) Another window on the console pc is the paired matrix screen. With this tool the network manage can monitor the pathways the network traffic is taking on the network. Through this analysis the network manager can optimise the network through routing manipulation. If a particular router is getting the brunt of the network traffic a second router can be installed to share the traffic burden and reduce the utilisation of the initial router and theoretically improve the quality of service. (Anon, 2016), (Anon, 2008) Fig 10: the Pair Matrix window showing traffic from the Paris PC the the New York pc and then to conslolePC Fig 11: Paris and New York PCs traffic going straight to Consloe PC The final tool used by the author is the packet capture window. The first attempts at packet capture by the author demonstrated the need for checking the settings thouroughly as the buffer for capture was very small and so the captured line on the graph was tiny to start with untill this was increased by the author. After increasing the buffer size the graphs look much better and the data far more usable. After increaseing the buffer hugely the traffic was restarted and the capture began again. The packet capture showed the traffic being generated as it monitors all traffic on the network, but will only capture a certain amount for analysis. Fig 12: Packet Capture window showing the current traffic on the network (yellow line shows packets captured, blue line is total packets on network) Fig 13: Packet cature after buffer increased Fig 14: Dialogue box from Observer detailing total packets and ability to save the range for later reference Through the packet capture the network manager can observe the networks personality again to monitor for threats and general maintenance of the network. (Anon, 2016) Results After running the experiment the data collected showed exactly how powerful the observer tool can be, although there was only three machines the scope of observers abilities is evident and can easily be imagined for a network of three thousand machines. The interface can be de-cluttered to show only relevant information so the network manager wouldnt get bogged down with an information overload. Looking at the paired matrix graphs there are several lines on the screen all of which are communiquà ©s between nodes on the network, not all of these are PCs most of them are routers and switches along which the WAN is established. The thickness of each line denotes the amount of traffic it has dealt with. These lines show both incoming and outgoing traffic and the lines connect the source to its destination address. The labels are a combination of the assigned name, normally the name assigned in the NIC and its MAC address EG. Broadcom[5A:7C:09] the label for the console PC. As shown in fig 11 the packets do not have to be routed to or even through the console PC for Observer to pick the packets up and display them. The data collected from the packet capture can be used to manually calculate the utilisation of the network, although this can also be worked out by Observer automatically. The packet capture screen is in a graph format with time across the bottom and the amount of packets per second up the side. There are three coloured lines on the graph blue which denotes the total packets on the network, yellow which are the packets captured by Observer and red which denotes the amount of dropped packets. In the data captured there were no dropped packets, and a peak of approximately 500 packets per second. This flow rate lasts for five minutes with no dropped packets, showing the networks utilisation was within acceptable ranges. if there had been dropped packets it would show that the network was working too hard and there for would mean it had a high utilisation and would prompt the network manager to address the utilisation, and to optimise the efficiency of the network. Looking at the top talkers table in fig 9, in this data it is evident which nodes on the network receive the most and also which transmit the most. This information is highly important to the network manager as these are essential to the security and effective maintenance of the network. For example if there was an employee using the companys network to watch movies on their workstation the network manager would see within Observer a radical change to the stoichiometry of the network and its personality would change. Once this change had been brought to the network managers attention they could look on Observer at the top talkers and paired matrix charts and identify which terminal was using an abnormal amount of the networks bandwidth and then take action against the offending party in line with the companys IT policy. Conclusion This report has looked at the management techniques used in applying wide area networks, their future, their application in the real world and their design and deployment, it is the opinion of the author that the general consensus is that the IT community seem to be in agreement about most concepts of wide area networks, apart from the cost of them, and how to control them. Although the majority of newer reports (Shin et al., 2007), (Ahmed Boutaba, 2014), and (Feng et al., 2014) are swayed towards having the majority of the control handed over to algorithms and evolution programs, there is also still call for there to be a human element to be involved in the management process.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   After looking through the papers used in the research for this report it is the opinion of the author that the application of a well managed WAN is far more beneficial than any other communication option, considering the internet is in reality just a huge WAN its self, a WAN can run everythi ng in a business or academic environment, from physical security like door locks and fire alarms through to phones (Dian Septama et al., 2015) and lighting, there are even applications to control environmental conditions. With the introduction of automated network managers, the buildings air conditioning could be being controlled by a computer thousands of miles away. With the development of encrypted laser communications utilised in QKD making networks virtually completely secure the control of more sensitive systems may fall under the control of larger WANs and possibly a large central, global WAN to control all the mundane systems around the globe. To conclude this report the author believes in view of the huge advances in using automated network management options and the amount of non communications based areas controlled by nodes on the network, coupled with the advancements made in artificial intelligence the role of the human network manager could become extinct as we know it. The role could progress to either being an overseer of the AI or completely redundant altogether. Bibliography Ahmed, R. Boutaba, R. (2014) Design considerations for managing wide area software defined networks. IEEE Commun. Mag., 52 (7), pp.116-123. Ahmedi, B. Mitrevski, P. (2014) On The Development of Methodology for Planning and Cost-Modeling of A Wide Area Network. IJCNC, 6 (3), pp.71-90. Anon (2008) 10th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS2008). IEICE Communications Society Magazine, 2008 (7), pp.7_12-7_15. Anon (2014) USING A NETWORK ANALYZER AS A SECURITY TOOL. 1st ed. Minnetonka. Available from: [Accessed 17 December 2015]. Cahn, R. (1998) Wide area network design. San Francisco, Calif., Morgan Kaufmann. Dian Septama, H., Ulvan, A., Hlavacek, J. Bestak, R. (2015) High Available VoIP Server Failover Mechanism in Wide Area Network. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 13 (2), p.739. Feng, Y., Cui, D., Li, Y., Zhang, J. Li, J. (2014) Contrasting Meteorological Wide-Area Networks and Evolutionary Programming. AMM, 687-691, pp.2557-2560. Geer, D. (2013) Resolved. Communications of the ACM, 56 (6), p.48. Langer, S., French, T. Segovis, C. (2010) TCP/IP Optimization over Wide Area Networks: Implications for Teleradiology. Journal of Digital Imaging, 24 (2), pp.314-321. Liu, L., Ling, Q. Han, Z. (2014) Decentralized Gauss-Newton method for nonlinear least squares on wide area network. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 67, p.012021. Malhotra, R., Gupta, V. K. Bansal, R. (2011) Simulation and Performance Analysis of Wired and Wireless Computer Networks. International Journal of Computer Applications, 14 (7), pp.11-17. Shin, K., Jung, J., Cheon, J. Choi, S. (2007) Real-time network monitoring scheme based on SNMP for dynamic information. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 30 (1), pp.331-353. Tiropanis, T., Hall, W., Crowcroft, J., Contractor, N. Tassiulas, L. (2015) Network science, web science, and internet science. Communications of the ACM, 58 (8), pp.76-82. Travostino, F., Daspit, P., Gommans, L., Jog, C., de Laat, C., Mambretti, J., Monga, I., van Oudenaarde, B., Raghunath, S. Yonghui Wang, P. (2006) Seamless live migration of virtual machines over the MAN/WAN. Future Generation Computer Systems, 22 (8), pp.901-907. Wang, S., Chen, W., Yin, Z., Li, H., He, D., Li, Y., Zhou, Z., Song, X., Li, F., Wang, D., Chen, H., Han, Y., Huang, J., Guo, J., Hao, P., Li, M., Zhang, C., Liu, D., Liang, W., Miao, C., Wu, P., Guo, G. Han, Z. (2014) Field and long-term demonstration of a wide area quantum key distribution network. Opt. Express, 22 (18), p.21739.

Imagery In Macbeth :: essays research papers

Imagery in Macbeth William Shakespeare’s play, (if indeed he did write it) Macbeth is rife with killing, and is probably only second in bloodiness to his earlier play, Titus Andronicus. Not only is blood a key part of the plot for obvious reasons, it is also an example of imagery, representing several different symbols throughout the play. In the beginning, blood represents honor. Later, blood seems to show treachery. A the end of the play Shakespeare uses blood to show Macbeth’s guilt for all his evil and greedy acts. The first reference of blood occurs when Duncan sees the injured sergeant and says, "What bloody man is that?" (1.2.1) The King is referring to the brave messenger who has just returned from a war. Soon after, the bloody captain praises Macbeth’s deeds in battle, saying that he held his sword "Which smoked with bloody execution" (1.2.20), meaning that Macbeth’s bravery was shown by his sword covered in the hot blood of the enemy. After at first symbolizing bravery, blood soon becomes an image representing treachery and treason. When Lady Macbeth is trying to summon enough courage to have the king killed, she cries out to spirits to "make thick my blood," (1.5.50) meaning that she wants to try and be as remorseless as possible so that she can perform this treacherous deed. Macbeth also calls the act of treason the â€Å"...bloody business...† (2.1.60) In addition, Lady Macbeth knows that blood is evidence of treason, and so she shifts the blame onto others by telling Macbeth to "smear the sleepy grooms with blood," (2.2.64) Throughout act two, whenever a character speaks of Duncan’s murder, they always refer to it as the bloody deed or the bloody murder, showing that blood has taken on the meaning of treason. In addition to treason, blood also represents guilt and remorse in act two. Shortly after he has killed Duncan, Macbeth asks himself, "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?," (2.2.78-79) meaning that he is already disturbed by his awful deed. Later, during the banquet scene, blood represents the guilt that haunts Macbeth. Banquo’s ghost (who is covered in blood) appears and haunts Macbeth, who says, â€Å"... they blood is cold...,† (3.4.114) meaning that Macbeth feels guilty and is scared of Banquo’s cold revenge. Blood as a symbol of guilt shows itself very well in the scene in which Lady Macbeth walks in her sleep.

Importance of the Monkey Garden in The House on Mango Street :: House Mango Street

Importance of the Monkey Garden in The House on Mango Street Life as a kid is effortless, where the only motive is to have fun. Some people never want to have responsibility and complexity that comes with being an adult as they realize they must take accountability sometime. Likewise in "The House on Mango Street" by Sandra Cisneros, Esperanza tries her best to avoid is renegade against the normal expectations of women on Mango Street. Esperanza's only way to avoid having to become part of the adult world around her, is by entering The Monkey Garden where she gets to be a kid. Esperanza's depiction of the serene and carefree descriptions of the garden contrast the confused and disturbed attitude Esperanza has towards Sally and the boys' game. As she finally realizes she cannot remain a kid forever, Esperanza feel alienated and alone. Esperanza's overwhelmed tone reveals her fear and doggedness to adversity when sally's game defiles the garden's innocence/purity, exposing Esperanza to the realization that she cannot remain a kid forever. Esperanza's syntax reveals that innocence is irrevocable. Reminiscing of the Monkey Garden Esperanza "suppose[s], the reason why [they] went there" was because it was "Far away from where [their] mothers could find [them]"Cisneros (95). In the garden the kids were able to play without any adults around. The garden became a place of rejuvenation for Esperanza, where only kids were allowed and the horrors of the adult world remain unnoticed. Esperanza observes, "Things had a way of disappearing in the garden, as if the garden itself ate them, or, as if with its old-man memory, it put them away and forgot them."(95). This shows that the garden was a place where things easily went unnoticed and it was not uncommon to loose things. For Esperanza, this represents the place where she is forced into her loss of childhood, and comparing this to a forgetful old man makes sense since when people mature they loose their innocence and childlike attributes. When the boys stole Sally's keys "they were all laughing" and "[Sally] was too" however, "It was a joke [Esperanza] didn't get"(96). The boys take advantage of Sally by stealing her keys so Sally seizes the opportunity to be able to flirt back with them.

Energy Audit at the Kolej Mawar in the UiTM Shah Alam

Abstraction The proposal presents a item undertaking of energy audit at the Kolej Mawar in the UiTM Shah Alam. The chief intent of this proposal to analyze on the energy ingestion in that edifice and to develop the GUI, so that user can cipher informations from the power analyzer equipment. Based on this information, the burden form and energy form ingestion at each edifice can be analysed and to give recommendation to cut down the energy ingestion, waste energy and to increase the energy efficiency of the edifice. Chapter1 IntroductionIntroductionAs twelvemonth 2020 attacks, Malaysia, a underdeveloped state, sees the demand of energy as a viral component to assist it to accomplish the mark of twelvemonth 2020, which is developed state. As it is, about half of the energy ingestion in the state is in industrial, residential and commercial sectors [ 1 ] . Universiti Teknologi Mara ( UiTM ) Shah Alam is one of the university directed by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia ( MOHE ) to set up the program of green Technology [ 2 ] . Green Technology is the development and application of merchandise, equipment and system used to conserve the natural environment and resources, to minimise and cut down the negative impact of human activities [ 3 ] . Energy efficiency is a plan that brings great salvaging with proper planning and implemented right. The top direction should be informed about the current degree of operating efficiency, extra economy potencies and resources needed to accomplish it [ 4 ] . Therefore, the cooperation of top direction is lightly appreciated. Energy audit is a procedure to pull off the electrical energy ingestion efficaciously and to increase the energy efficiency. The energy audit discussed in this undertaking will be merely focused in the Kolej Mawar UiTM Shah Alam edifice. These edifice has a capacity of 3450 college pupils and began operations in May 2002 with the first consumption of pupils on semester Jun-Nov 2002. The College has four blocks of residential edifices viz. Block 1A – 5 degree, Block 1B – 5 degree, Block 2A – 8 degrees and block 2B – 10 degrees. College disposal edifice is located in the center of the Block 1A and 2A. These edifice is located near the entryway 2 UiTM and Health Center and next to the Kolej Melati. The intent of the four blocks in this edifice is house the female pupils. These edifice is non merely considered as pupil adjustment but serves as a topographic point of acquisition and pupil Centre. Besides that, for the college disposal constructing the intent to pull off the pupil and their activities. In these disposal edifice is accommodates 10 staff and operate during office hr fro m 8.00am to 5.00pm. Figure 1 shows the location of Kolej Mawar in UiTM Shah Alam. Figure 1: Location of Kolej Mawar.PROBLEM STATEMENTUiTM Shah Alam has spent about RM20, 819,758 electricity measure annually as in 2013. The measure ingestion comes from all colleges, installations, enrollment office, chancellery office, dining hall, athleticss Centre and street illuming about in UiTM Shah Alam. The high electricity measure cause from the use chilling system, illuming and equipment is used non suited for the supply energy at that edifice. The 2nd factor that can do the high electricity measure, is found that at the hair-raiser system. That is because, unsatisfactory current public presentation, operation and scheduling the centralized air- conditioning system. From the observations that have been done, it found that the some of the colleges in UiTM Shah Alam has non used electrical energy expeditiously. It is suspected that the Kolej Mawar one of the cause contribute the extremely measure public-service corporations compare to the other colleges by the old informations gathered. By do the walk-through audit, it found that in Kolej Mawar most of staff and pupils tend to go forth their electricity contraptions in status switch on. Students normally leave the suites with the lamp and fan switch-on status. Most of the staff leave their room with the air-conditioner with switch-on place. This bad wont can do blowing energy and increase in the monthly measure public-service corporations. Besides that, in this edifice the electrical energy has non been managed decently. For illustration, the lamps at the corridor colleges have been light on the daytime. Actually the lamp have been switch on to illume up the certain lamp at left side. However, because of the wiring have been set to illume all lamp with one switch when the switch is turn on. This deficient wiring can do the waste energy use in this edifice.AimTo analyze the energy use, burden profile and the energy efficiency of the chosen edifice.To analyze informations collected and develop Ocular BASIC ( VB ) package and to cipher the energy use of a edifice.To find the energy salvaging chances.Scope OF WORKThis undertaking is more focussed on analyzing the energy ingestions by package ocular BASIC ( VB ) , GUI to make the computation from the existent information. This energy audit, is conducted to seek chances to better the energy efficiency of the edifice in UiTM Shah Alam peculiarly Kolej Mawar. By the bettering the energy efficiency, the energy ingestions can be reduced and besides can extinguish the waste energy. Besides that, this undertaking besides focus to propose cost-efficient steps to better the efficiency of energy usage and appraisal of execution costs and payback periods for each recommended action. This undertaking can be divided in two stages:Phase 1 ( FYP 1 )Carry out overall energy audit for Kolej Mawar UiTM Shah Alam.Collect informations by walk-through audit the edifice and place the type of burden in that edifice.Analysis of energy use and burden profile from the natural information ( Flukes Analyser 435 and 1750 ) .2.Phase 2 ( FYP 2 )Develop the package plan to cipher the energy use and burden profile by utilizing Ocular Basic ( VB ) , GUI.Determining the energy salvaging chances and to propose the recommendation to the direction.Chapter2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1Introduction Based on research by Mohd Azrin [ 5 ] , the electrical energy at their FKE disposal block UTEM has non hold been managed decently. He found out that the anteroom lamps have been light on the daytime and the lamp and the air conditioners of certain room have been switched on although the room is empty. Such go oning gave rise to waste of the electrical energy. He suggested that, to increase the energy efficiency at FKE UTEM disposal is by exchanging on a few lamps near the entryway would be sufficient during dark clip. â€Å"Energy Audit in Block 3 in S & A ; T Tower towards Energy Efficiency in UiTM Shah Alam† [ 6 ] was carried out last twelvemonth. This Building can be divided into 3 blocks and 2 towers. By mentioning on the research Muhammad Azwan [ 6 ] , such research merely focused on the block 3 in S & A ; T edifice. From the work, block 3 has a two types of air-conditioning. The 1sttype of air-conditioning is centralized controlled by the hair-raiser. This type can be set automatically turn on and off. The 2neodymiumtype of air-conditioning is disconnected unit, these type can be controlled by manually. Each of schoolroom is fitted with type 1 and the offices with type 2 [ 6 ] . Besides that, harmonizing to the research Siti Nor Ayu [ 7 ] , â€Å"Energy Audit for Energy Efficiency at Facility Management Office in UiTM Shah Alam† was carried out 2 old ages ago. The edifice of the installation direction office in UiTM Shah Alam can be divided into 5 classs. This five classs office is under the installation direction and this all edifice comes from the one substation which are Pejabat Pengurusan Fasiliti ( PPF ) , Pejabat Pembangunan, Annex, Bahagian Khidmat Elektrikal dan Telekomunikasi ( BKET ) , Pembangunan dan Pengurusan Fasiliti ( ICT ) , Bilik Gerakan Krisis ( Cabin ) and Bendahari Zon 5. She found out that the entire energy used in UiTM is increasing every twelvemonth from the chief consumption since the establishment have big population. By mentioning on the research is conducted, she found that the energy ingestion can be reduced by implementing energy efficiency construct at the air conditioner, illuming, computing machines and other electrical contraptions. Besides that, she found that, the air conditoner is consumed the highest energy ingestion which is about 72 % of entire energy ingestion. So that, from this it can blow the electrical energy. She suggested to alter the gas from R22 gas to R22 cold gas. After iplementing this manner the energy ingestion by utilizing R22 cold gas for air conditioner is reduced [ 7 ] . 2.2ENERGY AUDIT Energy audit is an review or study and analysis and to place energy that been used in that edifice. Based on this energy audit, it is besides defined as the possible energy economy or energy direction [ 8 ] . Energy audit is one of the best methods to command the waste energy ingestion. Besides that, these energy audit is similar to fiscal accounting procedure, in which the procedure to analyze an energy history, look intoing the right manner energy is used and besides place which country can be minimized to cut down the wastage energy ingestion. 2.2.1Energy Audit Stages. These energy audit phases, can be categorized into two types that is, preliminary audit and inside informations audit. a )Preliminary Audit. Preliminary audit is the study based on the edifice. In other words, before the audit is performed, a complete checklist should be made. The list point must be considered in this audit energy includes:Lighting systemAir-conditioning SystemUtility measuresB )Detailss Audit. Detailss audit is carried out for the energy salvaging proposal recommended in preliminary audit. It will supply proficient solution options and economic analysis for the edifice direction to make up one's mind undertaking execution. A feasibleness survey will be required to find the viability of each option. 2.3Type OF TARIFF TNB USED Based on the duty TNB UiTM is classified in the commercial duty. The duty for commercial can be classified into two parts that is: Duty C1: Medium Voltage General Commercial. Duty C2: Average Voltage Peak/off-Peak Commercial. The whole edifice in UiTM Shah Alam used duty C1 but for the air conditioner duty C2 is used because the Air-Conditioner used the Thermal Energy Storage ( TES ) . 2.4Light System Lighting is one of the largest consumer of electricity in commercial edifice. About 41 per centum of electricity and 28 per centum of entire energy, consumed in the commercial sector is for illuming. In the residential sector, illuming energy usage is little though non fiddling, stand foring about 7 per centum of residential energy usage. Based on this fact, lighting is the major impact on energy in edifice or otherwise. A thorough study should be carried out to find the efficiency of the lighting system. This is, to obtain the lighting form agenda and to look into the lighting strength, so that it follows the Malaysians Standard ( MS-1525-2007 ) . 2.5AIR-CONDITIONER SYSTEM Air – conditioning can be defined as coincident mechanical control of temperature, humidness and air gesture. The chief map of all air –conditioning system is to supply thermic comfort for edifice residents. The system used for air-conditioner in the UiTM Shah Alam is the Thermal Energy Storage ( TES ) . Based on the duty TNB the TES system can be defined under the duty C2 that is, Medium Voltage Peak/off-Peak Commercial. Referred to the MS 1525:2007, the indoor design status of an air –conditioning infinite for comfort chilling should be as follows:Recommended design dry bulb temperature23?C -26?CMinimum dry bulb temperature22?CRecommended design comparative humidity55 % – 70 %Recommended air movement0.15 m/s – 0.50 m/sMaximum air movement0.70 m/s2.6VISUAL BASIC ( VB ) , GUI SOFTWARE In this undertaking, the package development is used as the measuring to analyze informations collected and to cipher the energy use of a edifice by utilizing GUI construct utilizing Visual Basic ( VB ) . This VB is the most popular and widely used programing linguistic communications available today. By this package, analysis can be done easy because the VB can associate the database with the Microsoft Excel and Access databases. By utilizing this VB it can besides back up a new scheduling technique called object – oriented scheduling ( OOP ) and traditional process – oriented programing [ 9 ] . Chapter3 Methodology 3.1FLOW CHART OF THE PROJECT Figure 3.1, shows the advancement of this undertaking from the beginning until this undertaking is completed. By mentioning this flow chart, it can be seen that this undertaking involves theoretical portion, practical portion and accomplishment to develop the package. In the theoretical portion, it deals with power quality of the system, energy direction and how to cut down the energy ingestion to increase the energy efficiency. Besides that, in practical portion it consists of walk through audit, informations aggregation and analysing the information by utilizing power analyser package by lading the information from equipment power analyser. The designation of country is the most of import portion, to find the chances of energy economy can run from simplest, such as illuming retrofits, to the most complex such as the installing of a substation. After the preliminary designation of chances, more clip should be spent on those which have shorter payback periods [ 10 ] . Furthermore, a reappraisal about Malayan Standard must be done. The MS 1525:2007 is the one guidelines for energy audit intents. The undermentioned stairss are involved in the informations aggregation:Walk-through audit. ( Determine the type of burden in the edifice concerned )Installing power analyser ( fluke’s metre ) at the DB of the specified edifice.Data aggregation for a certain figure of yearss including on the job yearss and weekends.Transfering the information into excel spreadsheet.Analyzing of informations collected.Last the Microsoft Visual Basic ( VB ) by implementing the GUI construct will be developed and cipher the energy use of the ed ifice. Figure 3.1: Flow Chart of the Undertaking.ActivitiesCalendar monthSeptember 2014October 2014November 2014December 2014January 2015February 2015March 2015April 2015May 2015June 2015July 2015MEET PROJECT SUPERVISORWEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4INITIAL PREPARATION FOR PROJECT TITLEPROPOSAL PREPARATION AND SUBMISSIONWEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4LITERATURE REVIEW AND PROJECT FINDINGWEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4Undertaking TESTING, EXPERIMENTAL, DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSISTechnical PAPER WRITING AND SUBMISSIONWEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4Undertaking PRESENTATIONWEEK 2DOCUMENTATION, THESIS WRITING AND SUBMISSIONWEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 43.2GANT CHART FOR THE PROJECT Chapter4 EXPECTED RESULT 4.0EXPECTED RESULT Based on this undertaking, the expected consequence is to see the energy pattern use and it’s besides to analyze the form of the burden profile during working daies and vacation in the edifice. The expected consequence will demo the sum of energy ingestion and the entire cost for the energy during workday and vacation. GUI construct can be implemented to be use friendly and synergistic. From the form of the energy use, entire cost and the burden form in that edifice can be estimated. It is hoped that we can propose practical thoughts and activities to cut down the energy ingestion. Decision As a decision, it is hoped that it can assist the direction or the installation to pull off their electricity more efficient. Based on this undertaking, it can reason that by the execution of energy efficiency patterns can cut down the energy ingestion without impacting the human comfort. From this undertaking it can see there are many factors and that contribute to wastage energy such as human behaviour, the life-time of the equipment, and the operating clip the burden. These factors can lend to the waste energy. By the implement action of the package it can easy scrutinize the energy ingestion for farther hereafter analysis. Mentions [ 1 ] Retrived from online: hypertext transfer protocol: // www.energystar.gov/supplementalload [ 2 ] Retrived from online: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.greentechmalaysia.my [ 3 ] Yudelson, Jerry, â€Å"Green Buildings Today, † Chapter 1, The Green Building Revolution, Island Press, 2008 [ 4 ] Wayne C.Turner, â€Å" Energy direction enchiridion † . School of industrial Engineering And Management, Oklahoma State University,1996. [ 5 ] Mohd Azrin Bin Abdul Aziz, â€Å"Energy Efficiency at UTEM FKE.pdf, † Energy Efficiency At FKE Administration Block UTEM. May 2009, p. 10, 2009. [ 6 ] Muhamad Azwan Bin Abdul Aziz, â€Å"Energy Audit in Block 3 in S & A ; T Tower towards Energy Efficiency in UiTM Shah Alam† Jun 2013, p. 8, 2013. [ 7 ] Siti Nor Ayu, â€Å"Energy Audit For Energy Efficiency At Facility Management Office In Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam† July 2012, p.9, 2012. [ 8 ] Abdelaziz E.A. , Saidur R. , Mekhilef S. , 2011, A reappraisal on energy salvaging schemes in industrial sector, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15: 150–68. [ 9 ] Norhayanie Roslan†Energy Saving Control System Application In Lecture Hall† November, 2008, p. 12, 2008. [ 10 ] Energy Audit Team â€Å"Energy Audit of Iit-Roorkee Campus† January 2010, p. 8, 2010.

Do Rules Contribute to a persons happiness

Do Rules Contribute to a Persons Happiness? Rules and regulations. The two words which every child and even many adults hate to hear. When thinking of ‘rules' we think of something which stands in the way of our doing something we may want to. We immediately curse the rule, not thinking in what way it may be helping us. We fervently wish that it never existed, without really being able to comprehend what the world would be like without that rule.What we, as humans, fail to understand, is that rules are made primarily to help us. We may find them annoying, aggravating, and even completely pointless, but they generally help us feel safe and so, happy. Think of everything in our day to day life which we take for granted. Driving in a car, we expect people to stop for us at some point when at an intersection, that's because someone made traffic lights. Speed limits are another important rule which many people find extremely annoying.Think about this, f there were no road regulation s, would you feel comfortable driving? To all the people who see driving as the ultimate freedom, would you feel the same way if you were in constant fear of being killed? Of course not! The same goes for rules against murder, thievery, drugs, sexual abuse, the list never ends. It is because of all these rules that we are free to feel comfortable and happy in our lives. All the rules so far have been rules on an international scale, but even If we look at rules in our own souses they serve the same purpose.Personally, I would always get annoyed when my parents didn't let me have as much ‘Junk food' as I wanted. I would through tantrums and say that ‘now is the best time for me to eat Junk, while I'm still young! ‘ Now, when I think about It, I am extremely glad that my parents controlled me. If I had eaten too much, I could have had severe health Issues, which would have stopped me from doing so many things which I love doing today, Like playing sports, eating out and Just generally enjoying life.Today I am thankful for the rules set down by my parents, because they are a major reason for my happiness. Overall, I truly believe that rules and regulations are extremely Important to a persons happiness. They may not all help you out (though more often than not you may not see how they are helping you), but without them your life would not be nearly as enjoyable as It Is. As Sheldon Cooper (from The Big Bang Theory) says, Without rules, our entire world would descend Into Anarchy, and who wants that!